一种基于信号合成的无线电干涉测量方法

针对后续深空探测任务更高测量精度需求,文章提出了一种基于信号合成的无线电干涉测量方案,并对方案性能进行了理论分析;结合目前主流信号合成算法,提出了一种基于相位补偿的Sumple算法,该算法不仅合成效率高,且合成信号与参考信号具有相同的相位特性,这是天线组阵技术应用于无线电干涉测量的前提;利用相控阵天线试验数据和DOR信号仿真数据对合成方案和合成算法进行了验证,结果表明信号合成处理可以提高无线电干涉测量时延估计精度,这在深空探测任务中具有重要意义。     

基于GA-SVM的GNSS-IR土壤湿度反演方法

针对提高大范围土壤湿度测量精度的问题,研究了土壤湿度的全球卫星导航系统干涉测量法（GNSS-IR）,提出了一种基于支持向量机（SVM）的土壤湿度反演模型,利用遗传算法（GA）的自动寻优功能寻找SVM的最佳参数。结果表明,GA-SVM模型在测试集上得到的土壤湿度反演值与实测值的平均绝对百分比误差（MAPE）仅为0.69%,最大相对误差（MRE）为1.22%,线性回归方程决定系数达到了0.956 9。进一步与统计回归、粒子群优化的SVM模型（PSO-SVM）及反向传播（BP）神经网络方法进行对比,结果说明:在样本数目有限的情况下,GA-SVM方法更适用于土壤湿度的GNSS-IR技术反演,且反演精度较高,泛化性能良好。      

Simulation-based evaluation of a cold atom interferometry gradiometer concept for gravity field recovery

The prospects of future satellite gravimetry missions to sustain a continuous and improved observation of the gravitational field have stimulated studies of new concepts of space inertial sensors with potentially improved precision and stability. This is in particular the case for cold-atom interferometry (CAI) gradiometry which is the object of this paper. The performance of a specific CAI gradiometer design is studied here in terms of quality of the recovered gravity field through a closed-loop numerical simulation of the measurement and processing workflow. First we show that mapping the time-variable field on a monthly basis would require a noise level below $5\text{mE}/\sqrt{\text{Hz}}$. The mission scenarios are therefore focused on the static field, like GOCE. Second, the stringent requirement on the angular velocity of a one-arm gradiometer, which must not exceed ${10}^{-6}$?rad/s, leads to two possible modes of operation of the CAI gradiometer: the nadir and the quasi-inertial mode. In the nadir mode, which corresponds to the usual Earth-pointing satellite attitude, only the gradient $V_{\mathit{yy}}$, along the cross-track direction, is measured. In the quasi-inertial mode, the satellite attitude is approximately constant in the inertial reference frame and the 3 diagonal gradients $V_{\mathit{xx}}\text{,}{V}_{\mathit{yy}}$ and $V_{\mathit{zz}}$ are measured. Both modes are successively simulated for a 239?km altitude orbit and the error on the recovered gravity models eventually compared to GOCE solutions. We conclude that for the specific CAI gradiometer design assumed in this paper, only the quasi-inertial mode scenario would be able to significantly outperform GOCE results at the cost of technically challenging requirements on the orbit and attitude control.     

“嫦娥3号”月面探测器同波束干涉测量系统的设计与实现

为了提高"嫦娥3号"探测器(着陆器和巡视器)的相对定位精度,针对两器信标实际设置情况,设计了同波束干涉测量(same-beam interferometry,SBI)观测方案。利用着陆器和巡视器星地对接数据分析检验了由差分群时延解算含微小系统差的差分相时延的方法,给出了甚长基线干涉测量(very long baseline interferometry,VLBI)和同波束干涉测量模型及月面定位方法,并仿真分析了巡视器的相对定位精度。最终,把研究的方法实际应用于"嫦娥3号"巡视器的精密相对定位。结果表明,利用1h左右的连续观测弧段的着陆器数传信号以及巡视器数传信号(或遥测信号),采用事后处理方式,得到了随机误差约1ps的差分相时延数据。利用此数据,把"嫦娥3号"探测器的相对定位精度提高至1m左右。     

一种解大旋翼类雷达目标微Doppler模糊的方法

在单通道模式下,当雷达目标旋转半径比较大时,脉冲重复频率与微多普勒带宽之间可能会出现欠采样的情形,导致在时频面上发生微多普勒混叠,从而不能得到完整的微多普勒信息。针对此问题,提出了一种基于双通道干涉处理的解大旋翼类雷达目标微多普勒模糊的方法。文中详细推导了该模式下此类目标引起的微多普勒频率和微多普勒带宽的参数化表达式,分析表明其微多普勒带宽受一个正弦因子的调制而显著减小,从而使其满足香农采样定理,避免了微多普勒模糊现象。最后,数值仿真表明了理论推导和所述方法的正确性。     

火箭燃气喷流的数值和实验研究

通过数值计算和实验,研究了２１和９火箭发动机燃气喷流流场。数值计算采用激波高分辨率、二阶精度ＴＶＤ格式,得到包括射流边界、桶形激波、反射激波、Ｍａｃｈ盘和滑移线的清晰的流谱。实验测试应用Ｆ－Ｐ激光干涉仪和自动测压系统,得到流场Ｆ－Ｐ干涉照片和压强分布。计算结果与实验结果符合较好     

LISA: Heliocentric formation design for the laser interferometer space antenna mission

The LISA (Laser Interferometer Space Antenna) mission has been selected by the European Space Agency’s Science Programme Committee as the third large-class mission of the Cosmic Vision Programme, addressing the science theme of the Gravitational Universe. With a planned launch date in 2034, LISA will be the first ever space-borne Gravitational Wave observatory, relying on laser interferometry between three spacecraft orbiting the Sun in a triangular formation. Airbus is currently leading an industrial Phase A system study on behalf of the European Space Agency. The paper will address the astrodynamics challenges associated with the LISA constellation design, driven by tight requirements on the geometric quality metrics of the near equilateral formation.     

散斑直接检测技术

本文首次提出了用斑点列阵取代无规分布的散斑,以斑点定位对斑点作直接检测的原理和方法。实验结果表明,作为不同于散斑干涉计量和ESPI(Electronic Speckle Patterm Interferometry)技术的一种新方法,以斑点定位作直接检测是完全可行的。     

用相位偏移干涉法精确测量量块长度

讨论了相位偏移干涉技术的原理、常用的算法和小数重合法的应用。在分析了传统的柯氏干涉仪的量块测量方法基础上 ,提出运用相位偏移干涉法的量块测量法 ,最后给出了量块测量的数据。     

全息测振干涉图的自动分析与处理

 研究数字条纹图象的自动检测与判读处理的理论与技术,在微型通用数字图象处理系统上建立了一套条纹自动检测与判读处理的软系统,实现了条纹图象的输入、定位、预处理、骨架化、细化、修补与光滑、计数、插值及三维振幅场输出等功能,对类似的散斑干涉条纹和莫尔条纹的判读处理有理论参考价值。